What does the term 'cross-slope' in roadway design refer to?

The term 'cross-slope' in roadway design indeed refers to the transverse gradient provided to facilitate drainage. This slope is usually designed to direct water off the pavement surface to the sides of the roadway, where it can be safely channeled away to prevent ponding and reduce the risk of hydroplaning. An appropriate cross-slope is essential for effective water management after rainfall and helps maintain the safety and durability of the roadway.

In contrast, the longitudinal gradient pertains to how steep the roadway's path is as it runs along the length of the road, affecting vehicle acceleration and deceleration. The angle of each lane with respect to the road centerline is specifically about lane alignment, while the slope of roads adjacent to bridges refers to side slopes near bridge structures and does not specifically capture the intent of the cross-slope. Understanding cross-slope and its role in drainage is crucial for ensuring roadway safety and performance.